Tolerated Re-Challenge of Immunotherapy in a Patient with ICI Associated Myocarditis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Walid Shalata, Zoé Gabrielle Attal, Rajeh Shhadi, Amjad Abu Salman, Ashraf Abu Jama, Sondos Shalata, Kais Halumi, Alexander Yakobson

    Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

    3 Scopus citations

    Abstract

    Many different types of cancer can be treated with immunotherapy drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). These drugs have altered the landscape of cancer treatment options since they function by triggering a stronger immune response to malignancy. As expected, ICIs’ modification of immune regulatory controls leads to a wide range of organ/gland-specific immune-related side effects. These adverse effects are uncommonly deadly and typically improve by discontinuing treatment or administering corticosteroid drugs. As a result of a number of factors—including a lack of specificity in the clinical presentation, the possibility of overlap with other cardiovascular and general medical illnesses, difficulties in diagnosis, and a general lack of awareness—the true incidence of ICI-associated myocarditis is likely underestimated. Currently, protocols for the surveillance, diagnosis, or treatment of this condition are unclear. Several questions remain unanswered, such as how to best screen for this rare toxin, what tests should be run on patients who are suspected of having it, how to treat myocarditis once it has developed, and who is at most risk. In this article, we provide a case study of ICI-associated myocarditis and explain its key characteristics and treatment options.

    Original languageEnglish
    Article number1946
    JournalMedicina (Lithuania)
    Volume59
    Issue number11
    DOIs
    StatePublished - 1 Nov 2023

    Keywords

    • cardiac toxicity
    • cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4)
    • immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)
    • immune-related adverse events (IRAE)
    • inhibitors
    • myocarditis
    • programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)
    • programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • General Medicine

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