Two-level system hyperpolarization using a quantum Szilard engine

Martin Spiecker; Patrick Paluch; Nicolas Gosling; Niv Drucker; Shlomi Matityahu; Daria Gusenkova; Simon Günzler; Dennis Rieger; Ivan Takmakov; Francesco Valenti; Patrick Winkel; Richard Gebauer; Oliver Sander; Gianluigi Catelani; Alexander Shnirman; Alexey V. Ustinov; Wolfgang Wernsdorfer; Yonatan Cohen; Ioan M. Pop

doi:10.1038/s41567-023-02082-8

Two-level system hyperpolarization using a quantum Szilard engine

Martin Spiecker, Patrick Paluch, Nicolas Gosling, Niv Drucker, Shlomi Matityahu, Daria Gusenkova, Simon Günzler, Dennis Rieger, Ivan Takmakov, Francesco Valenti, Patrick Winkel, Richard Gebauer, Oliver Sander, Gianluigi Catelani, Alexander Shnirman, Alexey V. Ustinov, Wolfgang Wernsdorfer, Yonatan Cohen, Ioan M. Pop

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

The innate complexity of solid-state physics exposes superconducting quantum circuits to interactions with uncontrolled degrees of freedom degrading their coherence. By implementing a quantum Szilard engine with an active feedback control loop, we show that a superconducting fluxonium qubit is coupled to a two-level system (TLS) environment of unknown origin, with a relatively long intrinsic energy relaxation time exceeding 50 ms. The TLSs can be cooled down, resulting in a four times lower qubit population, or they can be heated to manifest themselves as a negative-temperature environment corresponding to a qubit population of ~80%. We show that the TLSs and qubit are the dominant loss mechanism for each other and that qubit relaxation is independent of the TLS populations. Understanding and mitigating TLS environments is, therefore, not only crucial to improve the qubit lifetimes but also to avoid non-Markovian qubit dynamics.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1320-1325
Number of pages	6
Journal	Nature Physics
Volume	19
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02082-8
State	Published - 1 Sep 2023
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Physics and Astronomy

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10.1038/s41567-023-02082-8

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Spiecker, M., Paluch, P., Gosling, N., Drucker, N., Matityahu, S., Gusenkova, D., Günzler, S., Rieger, D., Takmakov, I., Valenti, F., Winkel, P., Gebauer, R., Sander, O., Catelani, G., Shnirman, A., Ustinov, A. V., Wernsdorfer, W., Cohen, Y., & Pop, I. M. (2023). Two-level system hyperpolarization using a quantum Szilard engine. Nature Physics, 19(9), 1320-1325. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02082-8

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title = "Two-level system hyperpolarization using a quantum Szilard engine",

abstract = "The innate complexity of solid-state physics exposes superconducting quantum circuits to interactions with uncontrolled degrees of freedom degrading their coherence. By implementing a quantum Szilard engine with an active feedback control loop, we show that a superconducting fluxonium qubit is coupled to a two-level system (TLS) environment of unknown origin, with a relatively long intrinsic energy relaxation time exceeding 50 ms. The TLSs can be cooled down, resulting in a four times lower qubit population, or they can be heated to manifest themselves as a negative-temperature environment corresponding to a qubit population of ~80%. We show that the TLSs and qubit are the dominant loss mechanism for each other and that qubit relaxation is independent of the TLS populations. Understanding and mitigating TLS environments is, therefore, not only crucial to improve the qubit lifetimes but also to avoid non-Markovian qubit dynamics.",

author = "Martin Spiecker and Patrick Paluch and Nicolas Gosling and Niv Drucker and Shlomi Matityahu and Daria Gusenkova and Simon G{\"u}nzler and Dennis Rieger and Ivan Takmakov and Francesco Valenti and Patrick Winkel and Richard Gebauer and Oliver Sander and Gianluigi Catelani and Alexander Shnirman and Ustinov, {Alexey V.} and Wolfgang Wernsdorfer and Yonatan Cohen and Pop, {Ioan M.}",

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Spiecker, M, Paluch, P, Gosling, N, Drucker, N, Matityahu, S, Gusenkova, D, Günzler, S, Rieger, D, Takmakov, I, Valenti, F, Winkel, P, Gebauer, R, Sander, O, Catelani, G, Shnirman, A, Ustinov, AV, Wernsdorfer, W, Cohen, Y & Pop, IM 2023, 'Two-level system hyperpolarization using a quantum Szilard engine', Nature Physics, vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 1320-1325. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02082-8

TY - JOUR

T1 - Two-level system hyperpolarization using a quantum Szilard engine

AU - Spiecker, Martin

AU - Paluch, Patrick

AU - Gosling, Nicolas

AU - Drucker, Niv

AU - Matityahu, Shlomi

AU - Gusenkova, Daria

AU - Günzler, Simon

AU - Rieger, Dennis

AU - Takmakov, Ivan

AU - Valenti, Francesco

AU - Winkel, Patrick

AU - Gebauer, Richard

AU - Sander, Oliver

AU - Catelani, Gianluigi

AU - Shnirman, Alexander

AU - Ustinov, Alexey V.

AU - Wernsdorfer, Wolfgang

AU - Cohen, Yonatan

AU - Pop, Ioan M.

PY - 2023/9/1

Y1 - 2023/9/1

N2 - The innate complexity of solid-state physics exposes superconducting quantum circuits to interactions with uncontrolled degrees of freedom degrading their coherence. By implementing a quantum Szilard engine with an active feedback control loop, we show that a superconducting fluxonium qubit is coupled to a two-level system (TLS) environment of unknown origin, with a relatively long intrinsic energy relaxation time exceeding 50 ms. The TLSs can be cooled down, resulting in a four times lower qubit population, or they can be heated to manifest themselves as a negative-temperature environment corresponding to a qubit population of ~80%. We show that the TLSs and qubit are the dominant loss mechanism for each other and that qubit relaxation is independent of the TLS populations. Understanding and mitigating TLS environments is, therefore, not only crucial to improve the qubit lifetimes but also to avoid non-Markovian qubit dynamics.

AB - The innate complexity of solid-state physics exposes superconducting quantum circuits to interactions with uncontrolled degrees of freedom degrading their coherence. By implementing a quantum Szilard engine with an active feedback control loop, we show that a superconducting fluxonium qubit is coupled to a two-level system (TLS) environment of unknown origin, with a relatively long intrinsic energy relaxation time exceeding 50 ms. The TLSs can be cooled down, resulting in a four times lower qubit population, or they can be heated to manifest themselves as a negative-temperature environment corresponding to a qubit population of ~80%. We show that the TLSs and qubit are the dominant loss mechanism for each other and that qubit relaxation is independent of the TLS populations. Understanding and mitigating TLS environments is, therefore, not only crucial to improve the qubit lifetimes but also to avoid non-Markovian qubit dynamics.

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SP - 1320

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Two-level system hyperpolarization using a quantum Szilard engine

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