Unraveling myths: Assessing beliefs in disaster management misconceptions among first responders and the general public

Though studies of various global disasters highlighted predictable human behavior, a gap is noted between common perceptions, including those of professionals, and actual responses. Misconceptions are widespread and negatively impact disaster response. First responders play a crucial role in disaster management, and their decisions are influenced by their assessment of public behavior during disasters. Therefore, understanding prevalent beliefs among first responders is of great importance. The aim of the study was to examine the extent of misconceptions among first responders and the public regarding behavior during disasters. The cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured quantitative questionnaire that included 25 statements, of which 19 were misconceptions. Respondents included >500 first responders (police officers, emergency medical services’ providers, and firefighters) and individuals from the public. The findings showed that first responders believe in some misconceptions to a greater extent than the general public, such as their belief that panic, mass evacuation, and public disorder are characteristic behaviors during disasters. As first responders are required to demonstrate expertise in predicting human behavior during disasters, the findings demonstrate a substantial gap in their knowledge and beliefs. The research underscores the need for developing mechanisms to reduce misconceptions and enhance skills in disaster management.