TY - GEN
T1 - Using a Remote Sensing data based toolkit to monitor vine water use and water status for real time irrigation scheduling in California vineyards
AU - Mar Alsina, Maria
AU - Knipper, Kyle
AU - Anderson, Martha
AU - Kustas, WIlliam
AU - Bambach, Nicolas
AU - McKee, Lynn
AU - Alfieri, Joe
AU - O'DOnnel, James
AU - Parsons, Jessica
AU - McCarthy, Brodie
AU - Hipps, Lawrence
AU - McElrone, Andrew
AU - Gao, Feng
AU - Torres, Alfonso
AU - McKee, Mac
AU - Agam, Nurit
AU - Sanchez, Luis
AU - Dokoozlian, Nick
AU - Prueger, John
PY - 2020/5
Y1 - 2020/5
N2 - Grapevines are one of the major drivers of agriculture in California,
representing a production equivalent to 6.25 billion in 2018. Water is
scarce, and increasingly intense and prolonged drought periods, like one
that recently occurred in the 2012-2016 period, may happen with greater
frequency. Consequently, there is a need to develop irrigation
management decision tools to help growers maximize water use while
maintaining productivity. Furthermore, grapevines are deficit irrigated,
and a correct management of the vine water status during the season is
key to achieve the target yield and quality. Traditionally,
viticulturists use visual clues and/or leaf level indicators of vine
water status to regulate the water deficit along the season. However,
these methods are time-consuming and only provide discrete data that do
not represent the often-high spatial variability of vineyards. Remote
sensing techniques may represent a fast real-time decision-making tool
for irrigation management, able to extensively cover multiple vineyards
with low human or economic investments. While growers currently
calculate the vine water demands using the reference evapotranspiration
from a weather station located in the region and a crop coefficient,
usually from literature, they don't have any means to measure or
estimate the actual water used by the vines. Knowing the actual
evapotranspiration (ET) in real-time and at a sub-field scale would
provide essential information to monitor vine water status and adjust
the irrigation amounts to the real water needs. The aim of the GRAPEX
(Grape Remote sensing Atmospheric Profile and Evapotranspiration
eXperiment) project, has been to provide growers with an irrigation
toolkit that integrates the spatial distribution of vine water use and
water status. The project focuses on grapevines, but it will be easily
extrapolated to orchards and other crop types.We present the results of
a pilot experiment where we applied the scientific developments of the
GRAPEX project into a practical tool that growers can use for irrigation
management. We run this pilot experiment over 6 commercial grapevine
blocks, located in Cloverdale, Sonoma, CA. During the 2019 growing
season, we provided the viticulturists with weekly maps of actual ET
calculated using the DisALEXI model, Sentinel-2 Normalized Difference
Vegetation and Normalized Vegetation Water Indices as well as local
weather data, forecasted ET and soil moisture. The data were delivered
weekly in a dashboard, including spatial and tabular views, as well as
an irrigation recommendation derived from the past week's vine water use
and water status data. Along with the remote sensing data, we took
periodic measurements of leaf area index, leaf water potential, and gas
exchange to evaluate the irrigation practices. We compared the
irrigation prescription based on the provided data with the grower's
practices. The total season irrigation ranged between 70 and 120 mm
depending on the block, and our irrigation recommendations deviated
between 10 and 30 mm from the growers' practices, also depending on the
block. This analyzes the performance of the ET toolkit in assisting
irrigation scheduling for improving water use efficiency of the vineyard
blocks.
AB - Grapevines are one of the major drivers of agriculture in California,
representing a production equivalent to 6.25 billion in 2018. Water is
scarce, and increasingly intense and prolonged drought periods, like one
that recently occurred in the 2012-2016 period, may happen with greater
frequency. Consequently, there is a need to develop irrigation
management decision tools to help growers maximize water use while
maintaining productivity. Furthermore, grapevines are deficit irrigated,
and a correct management of the vine water status during the season is
key to achieve the target yield and quality. Traditionally,
viticulturists use visual clues and/or leaf level indicators of vine
water status to regulate the water deficit along the season. However,
these methods are time-consuming and only provide discrete data that do
not represent the often-high spatial variability of vineyards. Remote
sensing techniques may represent a fast real-time decision-making tool
for irrigation management, able to extensively cover multiple vineyards
with low human or economic investments. While growers currently
calculate the vine water demands using the reference evapotranspiration
from a weather station located in the region and a crop coefficient,
usually from literature, they don't have any means to measure or
estimate the actual water used by the vines. Knowing the actual
evapotranspiration (ET) in real-time and at a sub-field scale would
provide essential information to monitor vine water status and adjust
the irrigation amounts to the real water needs. The aim of the GRAPEX
(Grape Remote sensing Atmospheric Profile and Evapotranspiration
eXperiment) project, has been to provide growers with an irrigation
toolkit that integrates the spatial distribution of vine water use and
water status. The project focuses on grapevines, but it will be easily
extrapolated to orchards and other crop types.We present the results of
a pilot experiment where we applied the scientific developments of the
GRAPEX project into a practical tool that growers can use for irrigation
management. We run this pilot experiment over 6 commercial grapevine
blocks, located in Cloverdale, Sonoma, CA. During the 2019 growing
season, we provided the viticulturists with weekly maps of actual ET
calculated using the DisALEXI model, Sentinel-2 Normalized Difference
Vegetation and Normalized Vegetation Water Indices as well as local
weather data, forecasted ET and soil moisture. The data were delivered
weekly in a dashboard, including spatial and tabular views, as well as
an irrigation recommendation derived from the past week's vine water use
and water status data. Along with the remote sensing data, we took
periodic measurements of leaf area index, leaf water potential, and gas
exchange to evaluate the irrigation practices. We compared the
irrigation prescription based on the provided data with the grower's
practices. The total season irrigation ranged between 70 and 120 mm
depending on the block, and our irrigation recommendations deviated
between 10 and 30 mm from the growers' practices, also depending on the
block. This analyzes the performance of the ET toolkit in assisting
irrigation scheduling for improving water use efficiency of the vineyard
blocks.
U2 - 10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-22248
DO - 10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-22248
M3 - Conference contribution
VL - 22
T3 - Geophysical Research Abstracts EGU General Assembly
SP - 22248
BT - EGU General Assembly 2020, Online, 4–8 May 2020, EGU2020-22248,
ER -